Kadarorin CNOOC na ketare sun sake yin wani babban bincike!

A ranar 26 ga Oktoba, kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters ya ba da rahoton cewa ExxonMobil da takwarorinsa Hess Corporation da CNOOC Limited sun yi "babban bincike" a cikin shingen Stabroek da ke gabar tekun Guyana, rijiyar Lancetfish-2, wanda kuma shi ne karo na hudu da aka gano a toshe a cikin 2023.

Binciken Lancetfish-2 yana cikin yankin lasisin samar da Liza na toshewar Stabroek kuma an kiyasta yana da tafkunan ruwa masu dauke da sinadarin hydrocarbon da kusan 81m na dutse mai dauke da mai, in ji sashen makamashi na Guyana a cikin wata sanarwar manema labarai. Hukumomi za su gudanar da cikakken tantance sabbin tafkunan da aka gano. Ciki har da wannan binciken, Guyana ta samu binciken mai da iskar gas guda 46 tun daga shekarar 2015, tare da sama da ganga biliyan 11 na man fetur da iskar gas da za a iya dawo da su.

Idan dai ba a manta ba, a ranar 23 ga watan Oktoba, gabanin gano hakan, kamfanin mai na Chevron, ya sanar da cewa, ya cimma matsayar yarjejeniya da abokin hamayyarsa Hess, na sayen Hess kan dala biliyan 53. Ciki har da basussuka, yarjejeniyar ta kai dala biliyan 60, wanda ya zama na biyu mafi girma da aka samu bayan da ExxonMobil ta samu dala biliyan 59.5 na albarkatun kasa na Vanguard, wanda ya kai dala biliyan 64.5 ciki har da bashi, wanda aka sanar a ranar 11 ga watan Oktoba.

A bayan hadakar da aka yi da kuma hada-hadar saye da sayarwa, a daya bangaren, komawar farashin mai na kasa da kasa ya kawo riba mai yawa ga kamfanonin mai, a daya bangaren kuma, kamfanonin mai na da nasu ma'auni na lokacin da bukatar man za ta karu. Ko mene ne dalili, bayan hadaka da saye da sayarwa, za mu ga cewa harkar man fetur ta dawo cikin ha’incin hadaka da saye da sayarwa, kuma zamanin ‘ya’yan oligarch na gabatowa!

Ga ExxonMobil, sayen albarkatun kasa na Pioneer, kamfani mafi girma na yau da kullum a cikin yankin Permian, ya taimaka wajen tabbatar da ikonsa a cikin Permian Basin, kuma ga Chevron, abin da ya fi dacewa da sayen Hess shi ne cewa ya sami damar ɗaukar nauyin. Kadarorin Hess a Guyana kuma sun sami nasarar "shiga bas" zuwa layin arziki.

Tun bayan da kamfanin ExxonMobil ya fara gano man fetur na farko a Guyana a shekarar 2015, sabon binciken mai da iskar gas a wannan karamar kasa ta Kudancin Amurka ya ci gaba da kafa sabbin tarihi kuma masu zuba jari da dama sun yi sha'awarsu. A halin yanzu akwai sama da ganga biliyan 11 na man fetur da iskar gas da za a iya dawo da su a yankin Stabroek na Guyana. ExxonMobil yana riƙe da 45% sha'awa a cikin toshe, Hess yana riƙe da riba 30%, kuma CNOOC Limited yana riƙe da 25% riba. Tare da wannan ma'amala, Chevron ya saka sha'awar Hess a cikin toshe.

Chevron ya fada a cikin wata sanarwa da ya fitar cewa, toshe Stabroek na Guyana wani "babban kadara" ne tare da rabe-raben tsabar kudi masu jagorancin masana'antu da ƙarancin bayanan carbon, kuma ana sa ran zai girma cikin samarwa cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa. Haɗin gwiwar kamfanin zai haɓaka samarwa da tsabar kuɗi kyauta cikin sauri fiye da jagorar Chevron na shekaru biyar na yanzu. An kafa shi a cikin 1933 kuma yana da hedikwata a Amurka, Hess furodusa ne a yankin Gulf of Mexico na Arewacin Amurka da yankin Bakken na Arewacin Dakota. Bugu da kari, ita ce mai samar da iskar gas kuma mai aiki a Malaysia da Thailand. Baya ga kadarorin Hess da ke Guyana, Chevron yana kuma sa ido kan kadarorin Hess mai girman eka 465,000 na Bakken don bunkasa matsayin Chevron a cikin mai da iskar gas na Amurka. A cewar Hukumar Kula da Makamashi ta Amurka (EIA), yankin Bakken a halin yanzu shi ne ya fi kowa samar da iskar gas a Amurka, inda yake samar da kimanin cubic biliyan 1.01 a kowace rana, kuma shi ne na biyu mafi yawan man fetur a Amurka, yana samar da kusan Ganga miliyan 1.27 a kowace rana. A gaskiya ma, Chevron ya kasance yana neman fadada kadarorin sa, yana fara haɗe-haɗe da saye. A ranar 22 ga watan Mayun wannan shekara, Chevron ya sanar da cewa zai sayi kamfanin mai na PDC Energy kan dala biliyan 6.3 don fadada kasuwancinsa na mai da iskar gas a Amurka, biyo bayan rade-radin cewa ExxonMobil zai mallaki albarkatun kasa na Pioneer a watan Afrilun bana. An kiyasta wannan ciniki a kan dala biliyan 7.6, ciki har da bashi.

Idan muka koma baya, a shekarar 2019, Chevron ya kashe dala biliyan 33 wajen siyan Anadarko don fadada kasuwancinsa na Amurka da kuma yankin kasuwanci na LNG na Afirka, amma a karshe Occidental Petroleum ya "katse" a kan dala biliyan 38, sannan Chevron ya sanar da mallakar Noble Energy. a watan Yuli 2020, ciki har da bashi, tare da jimlar kuɗin ciniki na dala biliyan 13, wanda ya zama haɗin kai mafi girma a cikin masana'antar mai da iskar gas tun bayan sabuwar annobar kambi.

"Babban yarjejeniyar" na kashe dala biliyan 53 don siyan Hess babu shakka muhimmin "faduwar" dabarun hada-hadar kamfanin ne, kuma za ta kara fafatawa tsakanin manyan kamfanonin mai.

A watan Afrilu na wannan shekara, lokacin da aka ba da rahoton cewa ExxonMobil zai yi babban siyan albarkatun albarkatun kasa na Pioneer, da'irar mai ta fitar da labarin da ke nuna cewa bayan ExxonMobil, na gaba na iya zama Chevron. Yanzu, "takalma sun sauka", a cikin wata daya kacal, manyan manyan kamfanonin mai na kasa da kasa sun ba da sanarwar hada-hadar kasuwanci ta super saye a hukumance. To, wa zai kasance na gaba?

Yana da kyau a lura cewa a cikin 2020, ConocoPhillips ya sami Concho Resources akan dala biliyan 9.7, sannan ConocoPhillips na dala biliyan 9.5 a 2021. Shugaban Kamfanin na ConocoPhillips Ryan Lance ya ce yana tsammanin ƙarin yarjejeniyar shale, ya kara da cewa masu samar da makamashi na Permian Basin "na buƙatar ƙarfafawa." Wannan hasashen ya zama gaskiya. Yanzu, tare da ExxonMobil da Chevron suna yin manyan yarjejeniyoyin, takwarorinsu ma suna kan tafiya.

Chesapeake Energy, wani babban katafaren katafaren shale a Amurka, yana tunanin samun abokin hamayyarsa na Kudu maso Yamma Energy, biyu daga cikin mafi girman ma'adanin iskar gas a yankin Appalachian na arewa maso gabashin Amurka. Wani da ke da masaniya kan lamarin, wanda ya yi magana kan yanayin da ba a bayyana sunansa ba, ya ce tsawon watanni, Chesapeake yana tattaunawa da makamashin Kudu maso Yamma game da yuwuwar hadewar.

A ranar Litinin, 30 ga Oktoba, kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters ya ruwaito cewa katafaren mai na BP "yana tattaunawa da kungiyoyi da yawa a cikin 'yan makonnin nan" don kafa kamfanonin hadin gwiwa a wasu shingen shale a Amurka. Haɗin gwiwar zai haɗa da ayyukansa a cikin ruwan shale gas na Haynesville da Eagle Ford. Ko da yake shugaban rikon kwarya na BP daga baya ya yi watsi da ikirarin cewa abokan hamayyar Amurka ExxonMobil da Chevron na da hannu a manyan cinikin mai, wa zai ce labarin ba shi da tushe balle makama? Bayan haka, tare da dimbin ribar da ake samu daga albarkatun man fetur da iskar gas na gargajiya, manyan ’yan kasuwar sun canza dabi’arsu mai kyau ta “juriya da yanayi” tare da daukar sabbin matakai na cin gajiyar dimbin damar samun riba a wannan lokacin. BP zai rage alƙawarin da ya yi na rage fitar da hayaki daga 35-40% nan da 2030 zuwa 20-30%; Kamfanin Shell ya sanar da cewa ba zai kara rage yawan hakowa ba har zuwa shekarar 2030, amma a maimakon haka zai kara yawan iskar gas. A gefe guda kuma, Shell kwanan nan ya sanar da cewa kamfanin zai rage matsayi 200 a cikin sashin Rarraba Rarraba Carbon Solutions nan da shekarar 2024. Masu fafatawa kamar ExxonMobil da Chevron sun zurfafa himmarsu ta samar da albarkatun mai ta hanyar manyan albarkatun man fetur. Me sauran ’yan kato da gora za su yi?