Hantida dibeda ee CNOOC waxay samaysay daahfur kale oo weyn!

Oktoobar 26, Reuters ayaa soo warisay in ExxonMobil iyo la-hawlgalayaasheeda Hess Corporation iyo CNOOC Limited ay sameeyeen "daahfur weyn" oo ku saabsan xannibaadda Stabroek ee ku taal Guyana, ceelka Lancetfish-2, kaas oo sidoo kale ah daahfurka afaraad ee xannibaadda 2023.

Helitaanka Lancetfish-2 waxa uu ku yaalaa aagga shatiga wax soo saarka ee Liza ee block Stabroek waxaana lagu qiyaasay in uu haysto 20m oo kayd biyo-carbon ah iyo ku dhawaad ​​81m oo ah dhagax ciid leh oo saliid ah, waaxda tamarta ee Guyana ayaa sidaas ku sheegtay war-saxaafadeed. Maamuladu waxay samayn doonaan qiimayn dhamaystiran oo ku saabsan kaydadka cusub ee la helay. Marka lagu daro daahfurkan, Guyana waxay heshay 46 shidaal iyo gaas laga soo bilaabo 2015, iyada oo in ka badan 11 bilyan oo foosto oo kayd ah oo saliid iyo gaas ah dib loo soo celin karo.

Waxaa xusid mudan in 23-kii Oktoobar, wax yar ka hor intaan la helin, shirkadda weyn ee saliidda ee Chevron ayaa ku dhawaaqday inay heshiis sax ah la gashay ninka ay xafiiltamaan ee Hess si ay Hess ugu hesho $53 bilyan. Marka lagu daro deynta, heshiisku wuxuu ku kacayaa $ 60 bilyan, taasoo ka dhigaysa iibsiga labaad ee ugu weyn ka dib markii ExxonMobil ay heshay $ 59.5 bilyan ee kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee Vanguard, taas oo qiimaheedu yahay $ 64.5 bilyan oo ay ku jirto deynta saafiga ah, oo lagu dhawaaqay Oktoobar 11.

Isku darka super iyo iibsashada, dhinac, soo celinta qiimaha saliida caalamiga ah ayaa faa'iido badan u keenay shirkadaha waaweyn ee saliida, dhinaca kale, shirkadaha waaweyn ee saliida waxay leeyihiin miisaan u gaar ah marka baahida shidaalku ay kor u kacdo. Sababtay doontaba ha ahaatee, isku darka iyo la wareegidda ka danbaysa, waxaynu arkaynaa in wershaddii Shidaalku ay dib ugu soo laabatay xamaasaddii isku-tagga iyo wax-soo-saarka, ayna soo dhowdahay xilligii oligarchs!

Dhanka ExxonMobil, helitaanka Kheyraadka Dabiiciga ah ee Pioneer, oo ah shirkadda wax soo saarka maalinlaha ah ee ugu sareysa gobolka Permian, ayaa gacan ka geysatey in la dhiso awooddeeda Permian Basin, iyo Chevron, arrinta ugu cajiibsan ee helitaanka Hess waxay ahayd inay awood u yeelatay inay la wareegto. Hantida Hess ee Guyana oo si guul leh u "soo fuula baska" ilaa khadka hantida.

Tan iyo markii ExxonMobil ay shidaal ka heshay Guyana sanadkii 2015 kii, saliida iyo gaaska cusub ee laga helay wadankan yar ee Koonfurta Ameerika ayaa sii waday inay dhigato rikoor cusub waxaana damcay maalgashadayaal badan. Hadda waxa jira in ka badan 11 bilyan oo foosto oo kayd ah oo saliid iyo gaas ah oo dib loo soo celin karo oo ku yaal baloogga Stabroek ee Guyana. ExxonMobil waxa ay haysaa dulsaar dhan 45%, Hess waxa ay haysaa dulsaar 30% ah, CNOOC Limited waxa ay haysaa dulsaar 25%. Wax kala beddelashadan, Chevron wuxuu jeebka ku shubtay xiisaha Hess ee block-ka.

Chevron wuxuu ku sheegay war-saxaafadeed in Guyana's Stabroek block uu yahay "hanti aan caadi ahayn" oo leh heerar lacag caddaan ah oo hogaaminaya warshadaha iyo muuqaal hoose oo kaarboon ah, waxaana la filayaa inuu kordho wax soo saarka tobanka sano ee soo socda. Shirkadda isku dhafka ah waxay u kori doontaa wax soo saarka iyo socodka lacagta caddaanka ah ee bilaashka ah si ka dhakhso badan Chevron hagida shanta sano ee hadda jirta. Waxaa la aasaasay 1933 oo xarunteedu tahay Maraykanka, Hess waa soo saaraha Gacanka Mexico ee Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo gobolka Bakken ee Waqooyiga Dakota. Intaa waxaa dheer, waa soo saaraha gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo ka shaqeeya Malaysia iyo Thailand. Marka laga soo tago hantida Hess ee Guyana, Chevron waxa uu sidoo kale isha ku hayaa Hess 465,000-acre hantida shale ee Bakken si kor loogu qaado booska Chevron ee saliidda shale ee Maraykanka iyo gaasta. Sida laga soo xigtay Maamulka Macluumaadka Tamarta ee Maraykanka (EIA), gobolka Bakken ayaa hadda ah soo saaraha ugu weyn ee gaasta dabiiciga ah ee Maraykanka, soo saara ilaa 1.01 bilyan cubic mitir maalintii, iyo soo saaraha labaad ee ugu weyn ee saliidda ee Maraykanka, soo saara oo ku saabsan. 1.27 milyan oo fuusto maalintii. Dhab ahaantii, Chevron waxa ay raadinaysay in ay balaadhiso hantideeda shale, iyada oo bilawday isku darka iyo iibsashada. 22-kii bishii May ee sanadkan, Chevron waxa ay ku dhawaaqday in ay 6.3 bilyan oo dollar ku iibsan doonto shirkadda PDC Energy ee soo saarta saliidda si ay ugu balaadhiso ganacsigeeda saliidda iyo gaasta ee Maraykanka, ka dib markii ay soo baxeen xanta ah in ExxonMobil ay heli doonto Kheyraadka Dabiiciga ah ee Pioneer bisha Abriil ee sanadkan. Wax kala iibsiga waxaa lagu qiimeeyaa $7.6 bilyan, oo ay ku jirto deynta.

Dib ugu noqoshada wakhtiga, 2019, Chevron wuxuu ku kharash gareeyay $ 33 bilyan si uu u helo Anadarko si uu u ballaariyo saliidda shale ee Maraykanka iyo ganacsiga Afrika ee LNG, laakiin ugu dambeyntii "waxaa ka gooyay" Occidental Petroleum $ 38 bilyan, ka dibna Chevron wuxuu ku dhawaaqay la wareegida Noble Energy Bishii Luulyo 2020, oo ay ku jirto deynta, oo leh wadarta qiimaha wax kala iibsiga ee $ 13, taasoo noqonaysa isku darka iyo iibsiga ugu weyn ee saliidda iyo gaaska tan iyo faafitaanka taajka cusub.

"Heshiiska weyn" ee lagu kharash gareynayo $53 bilyan si loo helo Hess shaki la'aan waa "dhicitaan" muhiim ah oo ka mid ah istaraatiijiyada isku-dhafka iyo iibsiga shirkadda, waxayna sidoo kale xoojin doontaa tartanka u dhexeeya shirkadaha waaweyn ee saliidda.

Bishii Abriil ee sanadkan, markii la sheegay in ExxonMobil ay sameyn doonto iibsi weyn oo ah Kheyraadka Dabiiciga ah ee Pioneer, wareegga saliidda ayaa soo saaray maqaal tilmaamaya in ka dib ExxonMobil, kan ku xiga uu noqon karo Chevron. Hadda, "kabaha ayaa soo degay", hal bil gudaheed, labada shirkadood ee waaweyn ee saliida caalamiga ah waxay si rasmi ah ugu dhawaaqeen macaamil ganacsi oo super acquisition ah. Haddaba, yaa ku xiga?

Waxaa xusid mudan in 2020, ConocoPhillips waxay heshay Concho Resources $ 9.7 bilyan, oo ay ku xigto ConocoPhillips $ 9.5 bilyan sanadka 2021. Madaxa ConocoPhillips Ryan Lance ayaa sheegay in uu filayo heshiisyo shale ah oo badan, isaga oo intaa ku daray in soosaarayaasha tamarta Permian Basin "ay u baahan yihiin inay xoojiyaan." Saadaashaasi hadda way rumowday. Hadda, iyadoo ExxonMobil iyo Chevron ay sameynayaan heshiisyo waaweyn, asxaabtooda ayaa sidoo kale guuraya.

Chesapeake Energy, oo ah shirkad kale oo weyn oo shale ah oo ku taal Mareykanka, ayaa ka fiirsaneysa inay la wareegto tamarta Koonfur-galbeed ee ay xafiiltamaan, labada kayd ee ugu weyn ee gaaska shale ee gobolka Appalachian ee waqooyi bari Mareykanka. Qof arrintan la socda, oo ka gaabsaday in magaciisa la shaaciyo, ayaa sheegay in muddo bilo ah, Chesapeake uu wada-hadallo goos-goos ah la yeeshay Koonfur-galbeed Tamarta oo ku saabsan isku-dhafka suurtagalka ah.

Isniintii, Oktoobar 30, Reuters ayaa soo warisay in shirkadda weyn ee saliidda ee BP "ay wadahadallo kula jirtay hay'ado badan toddobaadyadii la soo dhaafay" si ay u abuuraan shirkado wadajir ah oo ku yaal meelo badan oo shale ah oo ku yaal Maraykanka. Iskaashatada wadajirka ah waxaa ku jiri doona hawlaheeda ku jira weelka gaaska shale ee Haynesville iyo Eagle Ford. In kasta oo maamulaha ku-meel-gaadhka ah ee BP uu markii dambe diiday sheegashada ah in shirkadaha Maraykanka ee ExxonMobil iyo Chevron ay ku lug lahaayeen heshiisyo waaweyn oo saliid ah, yaa sheegaya in warkaas uu ahaa mid aan sal lahayn? Ka dib oo dhan, iyada oo faa'iidada weyn ee saliidda iyo gaaska dhaqameed, saliidda waaweyni waxay beddeleen hab-dhaqankoodii togan ee "caabbinta cimilada" waxayna qaateen tallaabooyin cusub si ay uga faa'iidaystaan ​​fursadaha faa'iidada badan ee xilligan. BP waxay hoos u dhigi doontaa ballanqaadkeeda 35-40% dhimista qiiqa 2030 ilaa 20-30%; Shell ayaa ku dhawaaqday in aysan sii yaraan doonin wax soo saarka ilaa sanadka 2030, balse taa badalkeeda ay kordhin doonto wax soo saarka gaaska dabiiciga ah. Dhanka kale, Shell ayaa dhawaan ku dhawaaqday in shirkaddu ay jarayso 200 jagooyin qaybteeda Low Carbon Solutions 2024. Tartamayaasha sida ExxonMobil iyo Chevron waxay sii xoojiyeen go'aankooda ku aaddan shidaalka fosil iyada oo loo marayo iibsashada saliidda waaweyn. Maxay samayn doonaan kooxda kale ee saliidda?